Reza Rahimi; Seyed Reza Hosseini nia; Hadi Bagheri
Abstract
AbstractObjective: Athletes, as social role models, are always in a complex context of interpersonal and social interactions. However, these interactions are not always positive and in some cases can lead to the formation of a phenomenon called "social attrition". The aim of this study was to identify ...
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AbstractObjective: Athletes, as social role models, are always in a complex context of interpersonal and social interactions. However, these interactions are not always positive and in some cases can lead to the formation of a phenomenon called "social attrition". The aim of this study was to identify the antecedents and consequences of social attrition among Iranian athletes.Methodology: This is a qualitative study conducted with an inductive approach. The participants in the study included coaches, referees, professional athletes, club managers, sports and media experts. The participants were selected purposively and data were collected through semi-structured interviews with 18 of them. The reliability of the interviews was confirmed using the test-retest reliability method. Data analysis was performed using the content analysis method of Brown and Clark (2006).Findings: Based on qualitative data analysis, social factors, behavioral factors, individual factors, and economic factors were identified as antecedents, and internal exhaustion and functional decline were identified as consequences of social attrition.Conclusion: The results showed that social attrition in athletes is a multidimensional and complex phenomenon that stems from the interaction of four main categories of social, behavioral, individual, and economic factors. These results indicate that social attrition is not simply an individual issue, but is rooted in the social, cultural, and economic context of Iranian professional sportsTherefore, managing and reducing social attrition requires an integrated and systematic approach. These results can help prevent and design effective interventions to improve the atmosphere, increase professional longevity, and athlete performance.
Ahmad Moradi; Nahid Darooghe Arefi
Abstract
Objective: Abusive supervision, as a clear manifestation of destructive leadership, is a complex social issue that has long been present in work environments, imposing significant costs on organizations and employees. The present study aimed to investigate the effect of abusive supervision on organizational ...
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Objective: Abusive supervision, as a clear manifestation of destructive leadership, is a complex social issue that has long been present in work environments, imposing significant costs on organizations and employees. The present study aimed to investigate the effect of abusive supervision on organizational citizenship behavior, with the mediating role of employees' engagement in sports and youth departments.
Methodology: This research was a descriptive-correlational study. The research population comprised all employees of the sports and youth departments in Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari and Kohgiluyeh and Boyer-Ahmad provinces. A total population sampling method was used to select 106 participants. Data were collected using three standard questionnaires: abusive supervision by Tepper (2000), employee engagement of Shuck et al. (2017), and Oregon and Kanowski's citizenship behavior (1996). Structural equations, incorporating the variance-based approach, regression, and path analysis, were used to test the research hypotheses.
Results: The results showed that abusive supervision has a negative and significant effect on citizenship behavior and work engagement. Also, work engagement has a direct and significant effect on citizenship behavior. Furthermore, it was shown that work engagement has a mediating role in the effect of abusive supervision on citizenship behavior.
Conclusion: According to the results, abusive and insulting behaviors that managers usually use to pressure employees to make them work harder not only do not motivate them to perform the main tasks, but also destroy voluntary or extra-role behaviors by reducing work engagement. Therefore, managers/supervisors should refrain from such abusive behavior.
Soroush Arianpour; Mohammad reza Khalili; hadi bagheri
Abstract
Objective: The purpose of this research was to study the effect of spirituality on job enthusiasm with the mediating role of occupational virtue of physical education teachers.
Methodology: The current examination was an applied research study for which we collected descriptive-correlational data through ...
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Objective: The purpose of this research was to study the effect of spirituality on job enthusiasm with the mediating role of occupational virtue of physical education teachers.
Methodology: The current examination was an applied research study for which we collected descriptive-correlational data through field investigation.
The statistical population of this research included all sports teachers in Tehran (N=1600) and 310 of them were selected as a statistical sample through simple random sampling. To collect research data, the spirituality questionnaires of Milliman et al. (2003), the organizational virtue of Cameron et al. (2004) and the job enthusiasm of Shaufeli and Bakker (2003) were used. The research data were analyzed in the descriptive part using descriptive statistics and in the inferential part by structural equation modeling.
Results: The results of the present study showed that spirituality has a positive and significant effect on job enthusiasm and job virtue. Also, job virtue has a direct and meaningful positive effect on job enthusiasm. In addition, occupational virtue had a partial mediating role in the relationship between spirituality and job enthusiasm of physical education teachers.
Conclusion: Based on the research findings, spirituality and occupational virtue are particularly important as factors affecting the job enthusiasm of sports teachers, and these two factors directly affect the job enthusiasm of teachers. Therefore, to improve the job enthusiasm of employees, especially sports teachers, educational organizations need to pay special attention to spirituality and occupational virtue in the workplace. Therefore, they should adopt programs to increase spirituality indicators and promote occupational virtue.
Abstract
Objective: The emigration of sport elites and professionals as a social phenomenon has a detrimental effect on the process of sport development. The purpose of this work was to identify and prioritize the factors affecting the emigration of elite athletes in Iran.
Methodology: This study was a mix-method ...
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Objective: The emigration of sport elites and professionals as a social phenomenon has a detrimental effect on the process of sport development. The purpose of this work was to identify and prioritize the factors affecting the emigration of elite athletes in Iran.
Methodology: This study was a mix-method research work that was executed in the qualitative and quantitative steps. In the first step, the data was collected through 8 semi-structured interviews (with athletes immigrating or intending to immigrate) as well as analysis of the documents and literature; the result of this step was a list of athletes’ emigration reasons including the four categories of economic, political, social, and professional factors. In the next step, in order to determine the importance and priority of each factor, a questionnaire was developed based on the BWM multi-criteria decision-making method and distributed among 10 national athletes that were selected by a judgment sampling.Results: Analysis of the data showed that the economic factors such as "access better job opportunities" and "difference in welfare status between the country of origin and destination" are the most important reasons for the migration of athletes. The professional factors such as “access to facilities and coaches” and “the lack of planning in federations”; the political factors such as “the inefficiency of the management system in macro-level” and “the influence of political orientations on sport”; and the social factors such as “the social status of athletes” and “the tendency toward modern life” were in the next priorities.Conclusion: The main part of the economic, political, and social problems affecting the immigration athletes’ decision is related to the macro-level; however, at the mid-level, the sports managers can improve the professional conditions for athletes’ motivation to stay in the country. This can be done with developing the organized leagues, designing, and implementing plans to develop basic levels, providing the facilities, recruiting experienced internal and external coaches, and employing capable athletes and coaches in operating the plans.
