Authors
1 Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Physical Education, Shahrood University of Technology, Shahrood, Iran
2 Clutterbuck Coaching and Mentoring International LTD, United Kingdom
Abstract
Objective: The present study aimed to design and validate a model of academic coaching needs among physical education students.
Methodology: This applied study employed a descriptive–correlational design. The statistical population consisted of all students majoring in Physical Education and Sport Sciences at universities located in Educational Region 9 of Iran. In the exploratory factor analysis phase, 188 participants were selected, and in the confirmatory factor analysis phase, 200 participants were selected using cluster sampling. Data were collected using a researcher-developed questionnaire comprising 35 items rated on a five-point Likert scale. Exploratory factor analysis was conducted to identify the underlying factor structure, while first- and second-order confirmatory factor analyses were performed to examine construct validity and assess model fit. Data were analyzed by using SPSS and LISREL software.
Results: The results of the exploratory factor analysis indicated that the 35 identified academic coaching functions were classified into five components: Adaptation and Well-being, Psychological Empowerment, Career Readiness, Academic Progress, and Academic Self-Management. These five factors collectively explained 66.86% of the total variance of the construct. The results of the confirmatory factor analysis supported the adequacy of the measurement model and confirmed its acceptable fit.
Conclusion: The findings revealed that the academic coaching needs of physical education students are multidimensional and extend beyond mere academic support. The extracted model has good fit and can be used as a conceptual framework for designing academic coaching programs based on the needs of physical education students.
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