Abstract

Summary
The aim of this study was to investigate the factors affecting the social responsibility of sports clubs during the Corona era on human resource management. This qualitative research work is done using the Glaserian Approach of data foundation theory. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with a purposeful sampling technique based on theoretical saturation with 13 experts. The result of analyzing the collected data is identifying 39 concepts and 13 categories under the heading of organizational mission, organizational rules, supportive spirit, managers' attitude, individual skills, collective skills, responsible behaviors, dignity and respect, human capital, and information. Therefore, the social responsibility of sports clubs based on manpower management in the Corona period as a product is subject to organizational, behavioral, and cultural inputs.
Introduction
In the framework of the fight against the Covid-19 epidemic, organizations play a central role as part of the economic and social fabric of a country (1). Due to the increasing pressure of the society, the organizations should adopt a socially responsible behavior, and expand their social responsibility policies to adapt to the new conditions (2). Sports clubs as one type of organization offer educational activities in many fields such as meeting the social needs of different strata of society and developing environmental protection activities in the form of social responsibility activities (3). Tabesh et al. (2020) have investigated that sports clubs should prioritize social responsibility activities in order to have a competitive advantage and be successful (4). It is mentioning that social responsibility is becoming a strategic area for sports clubs, and the managers of these clubs should not only have sufficient knowledge and understanding of the development of social responsibility but it is also necessary to plan scientific (5), and because the social responsibility of sports clubs in the era of Corona as a staff subordinate to various institutions and sufficient knowledge of these institutions is not available, the present work tries to answer this question, the phenomenon of social responsibility. What factors are human-based sports clubs subject to during the Corona era?
Methodology and Approach
This qualitative research work was done using the Glaserian Approach of data foundation theory. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with purposeful sampling technique based on theoretical saturation with 13 experts (professors and researchers in the field of sports management, managers, heads of sports boards, staff and employees of the General Directorate of Sports and Youth). Lincoln and Guba (1985) evaluation criteria including validity, transfer, reliability, and verification criteria were used to evaluate the quality and validity of the results. Finally, the three overlapping processes of open, axial, and selective coding were used to analyze the data. Based on the results of descriptive statistics, 10 participants were male and 3 were female. The education level of most of the participants was doctorate (10 people). Also 5 of them were working as the executive managers in sports clubs, and 8 of them were the members of the university faculty. In this research work, the interviews were examined line by line, conceptualization, categorization based on similarity, conceptual connection and common characteristics between open codes, concepts, and categories. Open codes were identified and marked by the researcher. Then by reviewing and aggregating the codes, 39 concepts were obtained in the open coding stage, and 13 sub-categories and 3 main categories were obtained in the axial coding stage under the heading of organizational mission, organizational rules, supportive spirit, managers' attitude, individual skills, collective skills, responsible behaviors, dignity and respect, human capital, and information. One of the factors affecting social responsibility was the organizational factors. Due to the increasing pressure of the society, the organizations adopt a socially responsible behavior and expand their social responsibility policies to adapt them to the new epidemic conditions (6). This main category includes sub-categories, each of which shows a specific responsibility in sports clubs. These categories include the organization's mission, organizational rules, patronage spirit, and managers' attitude. The findings of the research work showed that behavioral factors were among other things that influenced social responsibility. These factors include individual and collective skills, responsible behaviors, and respect. In personal skills, issues such as decision-making skills in critical situations, growth and development of personal skills, and increasing responsible spirit were discussed. Another finding is related to the cultural factors. Among the cultural factors is the human capital, which refers to matters such as determining the importance of the role of different work groups in the organization, the importance of the role of individuals in the club, and the capitalistic view of human resources. Currently, many sports organizations including professional sports, adopt social responsibility programs. Therefore, it can be said that professional sport leagues and clubs have a significant amount of social responsibility programs (7). On this basis, in order to institutionalize the social responsibility of their clubs and to improve the social aspects of their respective clubs, it is suggested to the managers of the sports clubs to put these factors at the forefront of their work in all their actions and programs.

Keywords

• Sports clubs
• Responsible behavior
• Human resource management
• Social responsibility
• Corona virus

Main Subjects

• مدیریت منابع انسانی پایدار و مسئولیت پذیر در ورزش