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Identifying the Factors behind Cyber Violence against Famous Football Players

Authors

1 Msc in sport management, Faculty of physical education and sport sciences, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran

2 Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman

3 Associate professor in sport management, Faculty of physical education and sport sciences, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran.

Abstract

Objective: Considering the prevalence of virtual violence against celebrities in recent years, the purpose of this research was to identify the factors behind cyber violence against famous football players.
Methodology: This research was an applied study conducted using a qualitative approach. Data collection was done by reviewing theoretical foundations, articles, theses, and semi-structured interviews. The research population included fans with experience in social networks. The participants in the research were interviewed by purposeful sampling according to the nature of qualitative research. The validity and reliability of the research findings were assessed using the Guba and Lincoln method. The analysis of data was done using thematic analysis.
Results: The findings showed that managerial factors, technical factors, unprofessional behaviors are sports factors, cultural factors, social factors, economic factors, geographical factors, laws and regulations, and the media are the environmental factors, and personality factors and psychological factors are the individual causes of virtual violence against famous football people in social networks.
Conclusion: According to the findings, the occurrence of virtual violence can be defined as the result of a set of various sports, environmental, and personality factors, and preventing this phenomenon requires a cross-sectoral approach by institutions and authorities. Given the multidimensionality of the causes of virtual violence, the coordination of various institutions involved in sports and culture can provide the conditions for adjusting the atmosphere of violence in cyberspace.

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Human Resource Management in Sports
Volume 12, Issue 2
June 2025
Pages 333-349
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