نوع مقاله : مقالات مروری

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکترا، گروه مدیریت ورزشی، دانشکده علوم ورزشی و تندرستی، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران.

2 استاد، گروه مدیریت ورزشی، دانشکده علوم ورزشی و تندرستی، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران.

3 دانشیار، گروه مدیریت ورزشی، دانشکده علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه الزهرا(س)، تهران، ایران.

چکیده

هدف: جهانی ‌شدن و افزایش مهاجرت ورزشکاران به لیگ‌های مختلف از پدیده‌ای مهم در ورزش حرفه‌ای هستند که اثرات قابل‌توجهی بر توسعه استعدادها دارند. این پژوهش به بررسی آثار جهانی ‌شدن و مهاجرت ورزشکاران نخبه بر فرصت‌های توسعه استعدادهای بومی می‌پردازد.

روش‌شناسی: این مطالعه با استفاده از روش کیفی مرور دامنه‌ای بر اساس چارچوب پنج مرحله‌ای آرکسی و اومالی (2005) انجام شده است. داده‌های پژوهش از 16 مقاله علمی و 2 فصل کتاب استخراج گردیده است. این داده‌ها با استفاده از نرم‌افزار ATLAS.ti 24 دسته‌بندی و تحلیل گردید.

یافته‌ها: جهانی شدن منجر به افزایش مهاجرت ورزشکاران شده و پیامدهای مثبت و منفی را بر کشورهای مبدا و کشورهای مقصد. دارد. مهاجرت ورزشکاران نیز اثراتی بر فرصت‌های رشد و توسعه استعدادهای بومی دارد. نهادهای حاکم استراتژی‌های حمایتی و برون‌سپاری را برای حمایت از استعدادهای بومی تدوین کرده‌اند. استراتژی‌های حمایتی شامل الزامات قانونی، اجرای برنامه‌های رشد و پرورش استعدادها، سرمایه‌گذاری باشگاه‌ها و آکادمی‌ها، توسعه لیگ‌ها، توسعه آکادمی‌ها و برنامه‌های حمایتی می‌باشد.

نتیجه‌گیری: جهانی ‌شدن و مهاجرت ورزشکاران نخبه شرایط جدیدی را برای توسعه استعدادهای بومی فراهم کرده است که هم‌زمان فرصت‌ها و چالش‌هایی به ‌دنبال دارد. سازمان‌های ورزشی ملی باید رویکردهای خود را به ‌طور جدی بازنگری کنند و استراتژی‌هایی هم‌راستا با نیازهای محلی و جهانی را تدوین نمایند که هم از مزایای جهانی ‌شدن بهره‌برداری کرده و هم از معایب آن جلوگیری نمایند. این فرآیند نیازمند همکاری‌های بین‌المللی، سرمایه‌گذاری در زیرساخت‌های بومی و توسعه برنامه‌های استعدادیابی است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

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