نوع مقاله : مقاله مستقل

نویسندگان

1 استادیار مدیریت ورزشی، گروه رفتار حرکتی و مدیریت ورزشی، دانشکده علوم ورزشی دانشگاه اصفهان، اصفهان

2 دانشجوی دکترای مدیریت ورزشی دانشکده علوم تربیتی و روانشناسی دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی

3 دبیر تربیت بدنی آموزش و پرورش ایلام

چکیده

هدف: داوران یکی از مهم ترین منابع انسانی فدراسیونها و هیاتهای استانی هستند که پرورش و رشد حرفه ای آنان مستلزم صرف زمان، هزینه و انرژی برای آنان و سازمان خواهد بود. هدف از این پژوهش تعمقی بر چالشها و الزامات حرفه داوری بر اساس تجربیات زیسته داوران نخبه فوتبال ایران بود.

روش شناسی: روش پژوهش کیفی و بر اساس رویکرد پدیدارشناسی بود . مشارکت کنندگان 10 نفر از داوران ملی و درجه1 فوتبال بودند. ابزار پژوهش مصاحبه های عمیق بدون ساختار بود. مدت زمان هر مصاحبه بین 20 تا 60 دقیقه بود. فرآیند تکمیل مصاحبه ها تا رسیدن به اشباع نظری ادامه یافت. از راهبردهایی مثل اعتبارسنجی پاسخ دهنده، انتقال پذیری و بررسی توسط همتایان برای اعتبار بخشیدن به فرایند تحقیق استفاده شد.

یافته ها: یافته ها نشان داد که عوامل زمینه ای، مهارتهای قضاوت، رشد حرفه ای و ارزشهای اخلاقی مضامین مرتبط با محور الزامات بود. همچنین چالشهای داوران در سه دسته چالشهای مربوط به قضاوت، چالشهای مرتبط با سازمان و چالشهای شخصی تشریح شدند.

نتیجه گیری: یافته های این پژوهش نشان می دهد که داوران نخبه فوتبال کشور با چالشها و مصائب متعددی مواجه هستند که می تواند منجر به پیامدهای منفی (مانند فرسودگی، ترک حرفه، آسیب های جسمانی، روانی و غیره) شود. همچنین با شناخت الزامات داوری (از جمله آمادگی جسمانی، ذهنی، روانی، مهارت های ارتباطی وغیره) می توان برای توانمندسازی داوران برنامه ریزی نمود تا شاهد کیفیت بالای قضاوت و جذابیت در بازیها باشیم.

واژه های کلیدی: رشد حرفه ای، داوران فوتبال، پدیدارشناسی، مهارتهای قضاوت

کلیدواژه‌ها

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